Approaches to the treatment of Human Immunedeficiency Virus (HIV) infection continue to evolve rapidly, raising complex medical and scientific questions. The introduction of potent combination antiviral therapy has heralded important changes in the natural history of the HIV infection. However, using antiretroviral therapy alone is unlikely to eradicate HIV. Complementary strategies need to be developed alongside it if global control of HIV infection is ever to be achieved. Our group is involved in several international trials, both as participating centre and member of steering and scientific committees, aimed at assessing the efficacy of such approaches in HIV infection